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In linguistics, a disjunct is a type of adverbial adjunct that expresses information that is not considered essential to the sentence it appears in, but which is considered to be the speaker's or writer's attitude towards, or descriptive statement of, the propositional content of the sentence, "expressing, for example, the speaker's degree of truthfulness or his manner of speaking."〔 Brinton, Laurel J. and Brinton, Donna,''The Linguistic Structure of Modern English'' John Benjamins Publishing Company, 29 Jul 2010, p. 219.()〕 A specific type of disjunct is the ' (or sentence adverbial), which modifies a sentence, or a clause within a sentence, to convey the mood, attitude or sentiments of the speaker, rather than an adverb modifying a verb, an adjective or another adverb within a sentence. More generally, the term ''disjunct'' can be used to refer to any sentence element that is not fully integrated into the clausal structure of the sentence. Such elements usually appear peripherally (at the beginning or end of the sentence) and are set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma (in writing) and a pause (in speech). ==Examples== Here are some examples (note: the disjuncts that follow are 'sentence adverbs'): *''Honestly'', I didn't do it. (Meaning "I'm honest when I say I didn't do it" rather than "I didn't do it in an honest way.") *''Fortunately for you'', I have it right here. *''In my opinion'', the green one is better. *''Frankly'', this whole paragraph needs work. *''Interestingly'', the comment made for a great topic of its own. *''Luckily'', the amount of sugar the recipe called for was in stock in the pantry. *''Clearly'', the mail did not come today due to it being a national holiday. *''Unfortunately'', by the time she reached the bus stop, the bus had already left. Sometimes, the same word or phrase can be interpreted either as a disjunct or as a simple adjunct: :They ''seriously'' worked in an underground diamond mine run by Barbara. :Disjunct meaning: ''I'm serious when I say that they worked in an underground diamond mine ...'' :Adjunct meaning: ''They worked with seriousness...'' An example of a sentence adverb modifying a sentence is: ''Unfortunately, when I got to the supermarket it had run out of the vegetable I like.'' An example of a sentence adverb modifying a clause within a sentence is: ''I liked the red car in the forecourt, but unfortunately, when I got to the dealer it was already sold.'' "Unfortunately" thus communicates the regret or disappointment the speaker experiences and so manifests as a sentence adverb the sentiments of the speaker. "Unfortunately", however, is only one of many sentence adverbs that can modify a speaker's attitude. Others include "mercifully," "gratefully," "oddly," "admittedly," etc.〔McArthur, Tom. ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'', pp. 16-17. Oxford University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-19-214183-X.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Disjunct (linguistics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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